贵州荔波县地质景观旅游资源分析与评价          下载免费PDF全文

姜伟  巩鑫  梁琼  袁睿  张世帆 《贵州地质》2019,36(3):274-279

荔波地层岩性以碳酸盐岩为主,且降雨量丰富,具有形成地质旅游资源优越的地理、地质及外部条件。荔波喀斯特地貌极其发育,地质景观旅游资源单体特别丰富。通过贵州省荔波县旅游资源大普查,对荔波县下属8乡镇旅游资源单体进行了全方面、全领域调查和研究,共新发现单体1 106个,其中入级单体856个,涵盖除康体养生旅游类的11个主类。优良级(三级及以上)资源单体共132个,占入级单体总量的15. 42%,主要为地文景观、建筑设施、水域风光、乡村旅游及生物景观等大类。其中地文景观及水域风光入级资源单体共计381个,占入级单体总量的44. 51%;优良级资源单体79个,占优良级单体总量的59. 85%。本文以大普查成果为基础,重点对荔波县地质景观资源单体进行综合分析和评价,为后期旅游资源开发提供实事材料和理论基础。  相似文献   

藏东德弄弄巴古滑坡堆积体物理力学特征及稳定性分析     

詹美强  葛永刚  贾利蓉  严华 《现代地质》2019,33(5):1118-1127

拟建川藏铁路是自然、地质环境最为复杂的铁路工程,地质灾害作为局部乃至全线的关键控制节点,关乎川藏铁路建设的成败。野外调查表明,德弄弄巴古滑坡位于藏东地区藏曲河右岸一级阶地上,在川藏铁路选线或建设过程中备受关注,其稳定性是直接影响着铁路选线的必要条件。本文在野外调查的基础上,对德弄弄巴古滑坡堆积体的物理力学特征和稳定性进行系统分析和计算。结果表明:天然工况下,组成德弄弄巴古滑坡的碎石土干密度达1.75 g/cm^3以上,含水率低于4%,并且堆积体的黏聚力和内摩擦角与含水率呈显著相关性,随含水率增加而减小;基于FLAC3D数值模拟和GEO-SLOPE稳定性分析表明,堆积体在天然和暴雨工况下整体稳定,但在强降雨条件下,坡脚和坡体后缘地形转折处稳定性较差,坡脚稳定性系数仅0.761。该滑坡在暴雨、地震和人类活动等作用下,极有可能发生局部失稳,影响铁路建设和坡体上居民安全,应进行必要的综合治理和稳定性监测。  相似文献   

Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Giant Long‐Runout Landslide: A Case Study of the Gamisi Ancient Landslide in the Upper Minjiang River,China     

GUO Changbao  WU Ruian  ZHANG Yongshuang  REN Sanshao  YANG Zhihu  LI Xue 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(4):1113-1124

The upper reaches of the Minjiang River are in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, where active faults are well developed and earthquakes frequently occur. Anomalous climate change and the extremely complex geomechanical properties of rock and soil have resulted in a number of geohazards. Based on the analysis of remote sensing interpretations, geological field surveys, geophysical prospecting and geological dating results, this paper discusses the developmental characteristics of the Gamisi ancient landslide in Songpan County, Sichuan Province, and investigates its geological age and formation mechanism. This study finds that the Gamisi ancient landslide is in the periglacial region of the Minshan Mountain and formed approximately 25 ka BP. The landslide initiation zone has a collapse and slide zone of approximately 22.65×106–31.7×106 m3 and shows a maximum sliding distance of approximately 1.42 km, with an elevation difference of approximately 310 m between the back wall of the landslide and the leading edge of the accumulation area. The landslide movement was characterized by a high speed and long runout. During the sliding process, the landslide body eroded and dammed the ancient Minjiang River valley. The ancient river channel was buried 30-60 m below the surface of the landslide accumulation area. Geophysical prospecting and drilling observations revealed that the ancient riverbed was approximately 80-100 m thick. After the dam broke, the Minjiang River was migrated to the current channel at the leading edge of the landslide. The Gamisi ancient landslide was greatly affected by the regional crustal uplift, topography, geomorphology and paleoclimatic change. The combined action of periglacial karstification and climate change caused the limestone at the rear edge of the landslide fractured, thus providing a lithological foundation for landslide occurrence. Intense tectonic activity along the Minjiang Fault, which runs through the middle and trailing parts of the Gamisi ancient landslide, may have been the main factor inducing landsliding. Studying the Gamisi ancient landslide is of great significance for investigating the regional response to paleoclimatic change and geomorphologic evolution of the Minjiang Fault since the late Pleistocene and for disaster prevention and mitigation.  相似文献   

逆冲断层位移—长度关系解析 ——以杭锦旗断裂带为例     

李书林  李良  贾会冲  张威  徐恒艺  杨明慧 《地质论评》2019,65(2):289-300

为了揭示鄂尔多斯盆地北部杭锦旗断裂带在晚石炭世—中三叠世逆冲断层生长的位移模式和位移—长度关系,本文通过地震剖面解释、地层回剥分析和断层古位移测算来厘定古断层的末端位置,明确断裂生长连接历史,并结合幂律关系,探究了断层生长模式以及断裂带岩性组合、运动学、反转和断层系统内在特征等方面的影响。研究表明,杭锦旗断裂带的构造演化受基底断裂的分段性制约。其北东走向的分段(泊尔江海子断裂东段)形成较早;在垂向上,断裂中部的位移大,向两端递减;在平面上,断裂末端与东西走向的分段(泊尔江海子断裂西段)叠覆,导致局部位移增大,最终发生硬连接。东西走向的三眼井断裂形成于晚石炭世,先后经历了断层分段、横向扩展和连接的演化阶段。乌兰吉林庙断裂作为调节带断裂,其活动相对较弱且局部发生反转。根据断层位移—长度剖面的几何形态和断层演化阶段分析,可将杭锦旗断裂带的逆冲阶段的位移模式分为4种类型:①近对称的三角状或椭圆状,代表独立断层;②左右极不对称的锯齿状或双峰状,代表断层之间发生软连接作用;③不规则波状,反映多条小型断层的连接作用;④异常尖峰状,代表大型断裂后期位移的调整。杭锦旗断裂带的D_(max)/L数据集与全球其他地区比较,要低一个数量级,可能与断裂带的后期反转有关。最后,针对杭锦旗断裂带在不同时期的构造演化和D_(max)/L变化特征,提出了断裂带逆冲阶段演化的路径模式。  相似文献   

Key Groundwater Control Factors of Deep Buried Coalfield by Landform and Sedimentation in the Northern Ordos Basin     

Jian Yang  Ji Liu  Hao Huang  Xiangyang Liang 《地球科学进展》2019,34(5):523-530

There were three landforms (i.e. desert, bedrock platform and loess gully) in deep-buried coalfield of northern Ordos Basin. Water inflow of working face in desert area was 1~2 orders of magnitude larger than that in other landform areas. In order to find out the key controlling factors of the directly water filled aquifers on the roof of the coal seam, we carried out research from the aspects of topography, landform and geological sedimentation. The results showed that desert landform provides abundant recharge water for underlying aquifers because of gentle topography, large precipitation infiltration coefficient, thick and water-rich quaternary system. While bedrock platform and loess gully landform were the water sources with weak recharge capacity of underlying aquifers. The sandstone-mudstone interbedding structure formed by continental deposits resulted in the absence of regional stable aquifers in Jurassic and Cretaceous strata on the roof of coal seams. Pumping tests of boreholes showed that all strata belong to weak to medium water-rich aquifers. The groundwater level of Cretaceous aquifer decreased by 20~130 m in three mines. There was a close hydraulic relationship between shallow and deep aquifers. The Mesozoic strata belonged to fluvial deposits. Qilizhen sandstone and Zhenwudong sandstone aquifers were mainly developed on the roof of the coal seam, which were characterized by thick medium-coarse sandstone sections. The geological and sedimentary conditions of direct water-filled aquifer were similar, but the amount of borehole water, cumulative pre-drainage water and water inflow from goaf in desert geomorphic area were much larger than those in bedrock platform and loess gully geomorphic area. The water-rich of the aquifer was mainly controlled by geomorphology, and the water sources of the deep aquifers were meteoric precipitation and Quaternary aquifer. In different mines with similar Quaternary conditions in Mu Us Desert, there were also great differences in the amount of borehole water, cumulative pre-drainage water and water inflow from goafs. The difference was related to the thickness and lithology of the aquifers. It reflected that the geological sedimentary conditions of the coal seam roof were also important factors to control the water-rich of the aquifers. Topography, landform and geological sedimentation were the key factors to control the water-rich of the aquifer directly and the water inflow from the working face.  相似文献   

废黄河三角洲典型钻孔XJ01全新世地层与微体古生物记录     

姚维军  梁兴江  潘刚 《江苏地质》2019,43(1):44-49

钻孔XJ01位于废黄河三角洲滨淮镇附近,钻孔中上更新统顶部与全新统有4个14C测年数据控制,该孔全新统岩性特征自下而上为潮间带含贝壳砾质砂层、浅海相淤泥质黏土层、三角洲前缘相深灰色粉砂、三角洲平原相黏土质粉砂及粉砂质黏土。全新统微体古生物分析结果详细地反映了废黄河三角洲典型区域各时期的沉积环境,其中,全新统下部见大量的有孔虫与海相介形虫,中部微体古生物略少,上部地层中海相介形虫增多。整个全新世微体生物组合揭示了一个河口变化的水动力控制沉积环境。  相似文献   

中国西北地区北部蚀源区铀含量特征及其地质、成矿意义     

王文青  刘池洋  王建强  马奂奂  管彧照 《地学前缘》2019,26(2):292-303

中国西北地区北部主要盆地蚀源区包括银额盆地周缘、北山盆地群周缘、三塘湖盆地周缘、准噶尔盆地周缘,主体位于中亚构造域中西部南缘(部)或与之毗邻区。通过对研究区1 416件中性、酸性及碱性岩浆岩样品的年龄和铀含量数据进行分区统计处理,计算其在地史上的铀迁移量和古铀含量,结果显示,研究区岩浆活动主要发生在早石炭世-早三叠世(349~248 Ma),其次在中奥陶世-早泥盆世(470~396 Ma)。这分别与古亚洲洋开始俯冲消减(O2S1)和最终关闭、中亚-蒙古碰撞褶皱带形成(C-T1)的大地构造演化阶段及重大事件相对应。各区富铀岩石主要形成于早石炭世-早三叠世(334~250 Ma),其与晚古生代岩浆活动具有时间上的一致性。在地域上, 两者有从西向东时代变新的趋势。这亦与古亚洲洋关闭、中亚构造域形成西早东晚的演化特征相一致。各蚀源区岩石的铀含量不尽相同,综合对比和评价表明：北山柳园区、准噶尔盆地东北缘阿勒泰-蕴都地区和东南部清河地区岩石铀含量与宗乃山区铀含量相当或更富;准噶尔盆地东北缘卡拉麦里区岩石铀含量偏富;银额盆地南缘雅布赖山、巴彦诺日公及庆格勒地区及其北部的沙拉扎山区,北山盐滩及马鬃山区,三塘湖盆地周缘,以及准噶尔盆地东北缘的阿勒泰西北区和西缘的北部区铀含量中等;其他地区铀含量相对较贫。研究区现今富铀蚀源区的大部地区,在晚三叠世开始隆升,此后进一步发展,为邻近中新生代盆地提供了丰富的沉积物和铀物质,成为相邻中新生代陆相盆地砂岩型、煤岩型及泥岩型铀矿床的主要成矿物质来源;盆内深部烃源岩层富含铀元素,可降低烃源岩的生烃门限温度并增加烃源岩生烃总量,具有重要的地质、成矿意义。  相似文献   

内蒙古巴彦敖包地区安格尔音乌拉组地层锂土壤地球化学异常成因研究     

金松  梁秋生 《化工矿产地质》2019,(2):82-89

内蒙古巴彦敖包地区广泛出露上泥盆统安格尔音乌拉组地层,1∶5万土壤地球化学测量工作圈定的31处锂单元素异常与安格尔音乌拉组地层分布范围吻合良好。安格尔音乌拉组地层锂元素的富集与该套地层的原生沉积作用密切相关,未发生次生富集。通过对安格尔音乌拉组地层碎屑物源区及沉积作用的研究,认为其锂元素物质来源与镁铁质火山岩中锂元素的侵蚀溶出有关。溶出的锂元素被碎屑物中的粘土矿物吸附随后沉积成岩造成区内广泛分布的锂土壤地球化学异常。进而做出推断,研究区内晚泥盆世甚至更早存在大规模中基性火山活动,应该存在大规模古火山机构。提出一种新的沉积型锂矿成矿模式,即古火山机构周边的粘土矿物含量较高的碎屑岩层位在一定构造背景及沉积环境下可以具备锂元素富集成矿的条件。  相似文献   

鄂西南岩溶地貌遗迹类型与特征分析     

康全国  陈小龙  赵璧 《华南地质与矿产》2019,35(4):472-480

岩溶地貌是整个鄂西南地区综合价值最高、数量最丰富、可代表全区地质遗迹典型特色的地质遗迹类型,具有重要保护与开发利用价值。基于全省重要地质遗迹调查项目,按照地质遗迹调查标准有关要求,通过对前人成果系统收集整理并开展补充调查,筛选汇总鄂西南全区重要岩溶地貌地质遗迹25处。本文将岩溶地质遗迹分为地表类型、过渡类型、地下类型三种类型,结合典型地质遗迹点对岩溶地貌的形态特征和成因进行分析,为鄂西南地区地质旅游产业高质量发展提供依据。  相似文献   

丹江断裂东段第四纪活动性及地震地质涵义     

雷东宁  乔岳强  胡庆  王秋良  林松  李雪 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(5):1362-1375

丹江口地区地震地质因修建丹江水库而得到深入研究,但针对断裂进行的系统性研究较少。通过对丹江断裂东段进行1：1万大比例条带状活动断裂填图,综合采用地质地貌调查、岩样年龄测试、地质钻探、浅层地震勘探等多种手段进行研究,认为：1）丹江断裂东段第四纪以来累积左旋走滑量在250~500 m之间,上更新统地层垂直断距为10~20 m;2）断裂最新活动时代为晚更新世,活动性质以由NE向SW的逆冲为主,兼具有左旋走滑分量;3）断裂活动性由山地向盆地迁移。丹江断裂晚更新世以来活动表明,南襄盆地西缘活动性较强。该认识可为进一步评估丹江口地区乃至南襄盆地西缘的地震构造环境提供依据。  相似文献